Racialization is a historical ideological process creating supposedly biological groups

Evidence

It is more accurate as a consequence to speak of a racially fashioned or created (or more commonly, if awkwardly, of a “racialized”) group than of a racial group since race is a product of racism and not vice versa. It is also and relatedly important to note that the now popular if overused notion of “racialization” and its cognates (“racialize,” “racialized”) are ambiguous. They fail in their often facile usage to distinguish descriptive context from normative critique, analysis from dismissal, processes of race-making from critical rejection of racist implications. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 107 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

To be sure, the racial Muslim was not a new project of racialization, but one that was expanded and amplified in the aftermath of 9/11. What needs to be emphasized is that races are produced by racism. There is no biological basis for race. Races are made and produced through practices of exploitation, expropriation, and exclusion. Race is therefore understood in this book as both ideology and practice rooted in the political economy of empire. Empire creates the condition for anti-Muslim racism, and Islamophobia sustains empire. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 76 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Racialization describes how signifying processes construct social groups as races. — Nasar Meer, Racialization and Religion: Race,…, 36; Racialization operates as a form of warfare deciding who lives and dies; Classical biological racism has given way to multiple historically specific racisms — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1875 (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• Races are produced by racism, not by biology #corroborates (0.92) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 76
• Race is a product of racism, so groups are racialized rather than racial. #corroborates (0.92) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 107