The emergency itself, not an outgroup, can define group boundaries

Evidence

The process is similar to that described by Reicher (1996) and Stott (Stott & Drury, 1999, 2000; Stott & Reicher, 1998) in studies of crowd conflict where indiscriminate police action creates more inclusive ingroup boundaries in a crowd. However, in the case of an emergency, the “other” which serves to define survivors as one is not an outgroup but the emergency itself. — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 49

Categorization

• XREF: Decisive for the reader’s thesis: an impersonal threat substitutes for the outgroup in the classic self-categorisation model. — connects to: A shared identity can emerge within a crowd only after an emergency begins. — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 61; Shared identity can emerge rapidly during, not before, an emergency. — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 61; Shared danger of death heightens unity among strangers in an emergency. — John Drury and Chris Cocking and Steve Reicher, Everyone for themselves? A comparative…, 104 (+2 more)

Related

• Shared identity can emerge rapidly during, not before, an emergency. (similarity 0.89)
• A shared identity can emerge within a crowd only after an emergency begins. (similarity 0.89)
• Solidarity among emergency survivors stems from perceiving strangers as oneself. (similarity 0.87)
• People act collectively in emergencies despite being conditioned toward individual self-interest. (similarity 0.87)
• Shared danger of death heightens unity among strangers in an emergency. (similarity 0.87)
• Shared fate in danger makes strangers act as one group offering help. (similarity 0.86)
• Facing a shared threat transforms individuals into a psychological crowd with emergent shared identity (similarity 0.86)
• Shared identity that enables crowd helping often emerges during an emergency rather than pre-existing. (similarity 0.86)
• Shared identity turns crowds from irrational mobs into solidarity-based adaptive resources (similarity 0.86)
• A psychological crowd forms from mere co-presence under shared threat. (similarity 0.85)
• Shared social identity produces adaptive psychosocial resilience that aids group survival in emergencies. (similarity 0.84)
• Mass emergency behaviour stems from social identity, not panic or irrationality (similarity 0.84)
• Shared danger makes people feel close to strangers and motivates mutual help. (similarity 0.84)
• Shared emergent identity from common fate explains collective support amid disasters (similarity 0.84)
• The psychological crowd is an adaptive survival resource in emergencies (similarity 0.83)

Broader Connections

• A shared identity can emerge within a crowd only after an emergency begins. #exemplifies (0.95) — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 61
• Shared identity can emerge rapidly during, not before, an emergency. #exemplifies (0.95) — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 61
• Shared identity that enables crowd helping often emerges during an emergency rather than pre-existing. #exemplifies (0.95) — John Drury, The role of social identity processes…, 79
• Ingroups need not be defined in opposition to outgroups #exemplifies (0.95) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 427
• Shared danger of death heightens unity among strangers in an emergency. #exemplifies (0.90) — John Drury and Chris Cocking and Steve Reicher, Everyone for themselves? A comparative…, 104