Orientalist and anti-Black racial tropes of Islam merged in the 1920s

Evidence

I maintain the distinction between Islamophobia and anti–Muslim racism also to name forms of prejudice that are lodged against Islam as a religion rather than against Muslims as a people, although the two are often entangled. — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims, 902 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: American popular perception linked Islam to Black identity and decolonial violence until recent decades — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 199; Racial capitalism and colonial discourse drive Islam’s racialization over centuries — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 148; American Orientalism fused European notions of Islam’s alienness with new Arab stereotypes — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 204 (+11 more)

Broader Connections

• Antisemitism and Islamophobia share tropes but remain structurally distinct racisms #complicates (0.72) — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims, 902