Prejudice defined as antipathy misses the teamwork that sustains gender inequality

Evidence

Although the Allportian approach to sexism has been fruitful, the limitations of treating sexism purely as antipathy toward women are twofold. First, it does not take into account the fact that people often hold positive attitudes toward and beliefs about women. Second, it does not explain why women themselves are prone to maintaining the status quo. … Thus, implicit measures provide unique insights into the psychology of prejudice beyond the direct, explicit measures that were the tools of social psychology when The Nature of Prejudice was written. — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 758 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

However, we suspect he would encourage us to look beyond the relatively automatic processes of categorization and stereotyping to the more controlled and motivated processes of resistance to new information, defensiveness, rationalization, and biased decisions that he believed lay at the core of prejudice (Allport, 1954/1979, pp. 505–6). For him, prejudice was not simply a conditioned prejudgment about an individual or group, it was a felt or expressed “antipathy based upon a faulty and inflexible generalization” (1954/1979, p. 9; see also Eagly & Diekman’s ch. 2 this volume). It was not simply a misperception or an expectation; it was a dislike or hatred. The basis for this aversion was factually wrong and impervious to correction because the aversion served important psychological functions for the prejudiced individual. — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 2565 (#responds-to, via linked claim)

Based on the assumptions of SDT, we see little theoretical reason to expect prejudice, defined as in-group favoritism, to be gendered, in that there should be few, if any, gender differences in the levels of in-group favoritism among men and women, nor with respect to the gender of the targets of in-group favoritism. In contrast, this gender orthogonality is not expected when intergroup prejudice is defined in terms of out-group aggression, dominance, or social predation. Within this domain of intergroup prejudice, men are expected to be both the primary agents and targets of intergroup predation and aggression. — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1177 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Defining prejudice solely as antipathy blindspots subtler forms of domination; Prejudice theory that equates bias with antipathy cannot explain benevolent sexism.; Sexism’s positive sentiment toward women breaks antipathy-based definitions. (+13 more)

Broader Connections

• Sexism challenges defining prejudice as antipathy #corroborates (0.95) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 758
• Allport defined prejudice as antipathy rooted in faulty inflexible generalization #responds-to (0.92) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 2565
• Prejudice-as-favoritism is gender-neutral but aggression targets men specifically #complicates (0.75) — Roderick M. Kramer, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Robert W. Livingston, Social Cognition, Social Identity, and…, 1177