Islamophobia operates as entrenched American race politics producing anti-Muslim racism

Evidence

To fill these gaps in the literature, I proffer a theoretical framework to explain why Islamophobia—the systematic fear of Muslims and Islam16—has become entrenched in American race politics and in turn produces anti-Muslim racism on individual and structural levels. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 72

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines Islamophobia as systematic fear entrenching race politics and producing racism on individual and structural levels.
• XREF: connects to: Islamophobia has coalesced Muslims into a distinct racial group and Islam into a race. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 61; Invasion-era stereotypes of foreign Muslims double as domestic anti-immigrant racism — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 242; Race analysis better captures anti-Muslim discrimination than religious-discrimination framing — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 317 (+8 more)