Anti-Islamic polemic froze into its framework by the thirteenth century

Evidence

The main attack on Islam was already determined in the thirteenth century. The Christian champions were convinced, not only of the truth, but of the best method to convey it, beyond any possibility of reviewing the force of their arguments. This is most apparent in their treatment of the Qur’an. Ricoldo tells us that as often as he read it, he placed it upon the altar, and indignantly demanded of God that He read what it said. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 382

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: An established anti-Islamic literature existed in the West by 1350; Vituperative anti-Islamic polemic persisted into the 1780s and 1790s.; Christian anti-Islamic polemic stayed medieval in method until the 1700s.