White-funded black higher education aimed to discipline rather than liberate

Evidence

Against this backdrop of conflict, schools of higher education proved an ineluctable, albeit ironic, catalyst for black Baptist separatism. The American Baptist Home Mission Society had never opposed black communities’ efforts for a greater voice in elementary and secondarylevel education. On the contrary, its policies facilitated this outcome by providing for the collegiate training of black schoolmarms, ministers, and educated parents throughout the rural and urban South. White Baptists such as Henry Morehouse envisioned the ABHMS’s “vast expenditure” of money and effort for black higher education as a way of indirectly Americanizing the masses. The Talented Tenth was to teach them manners and morals, lessons of punctuality and thrift, and most of all a Yankee work ethic that would serve to discipline a generation of people who were considered as foreign to the dominant values of the American social order as the eastern and southern European immigrants who flooded the northern cities. — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 281

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Black schools’ industrial training was also a fiscal expedient for campus upkeep — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 169; Northern white mission schools refused blacks administrative and faculty posts despite stated egalitarianism — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 252; Black congregations funded white-run colleges yet still lost control over where support went — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 291 (+5 more)

Broader Connections

• Hampton Institute’s vocational training was designed to teach Black acceptance of white supremacy #exemplifies (0.90) — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 651
• Black elites pursued the same education for racial empowerment whites sought for social control #expands (0.88) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 236
• Educated black elites were trained as a mediating restraint against mass violence #expands (0.85) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 154
• Black congregations funded white-run colleges yet still lost control over where support went #corroborates (0.82) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 291
• Denominational white control pushed college-educated blacks toward separatism #expands (0.80) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 283
• Black Baptist agitation forced limited structural concessions from white-dominated mission schools #complicates (0.75) — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent, 255