Visible Muslim identity makes public harassment a routine risk

Evidence

Visible Muslims have reported harassment when in public, ranging from people deliberately avoiding them, directing anti-Muslim slurs against them, and in some cases physically attacking them (Nadal et al., 2012). — Naheed Ahmed, Measurement of Perceived Interpersonal…, 3

Categorization

• XREF: Resonates with A Midwife’s Tale’s theme of being marked and legible to a hostile community, and with The Namesake’s immigrant visibility. — connects to: Similar anti-Muslim harassment evidence can fail the severe-or-pervasive standard — Sahar F. Aziz, Sticks and Stones, the Words That Hurt:…, 339
• CANDY: The mundane-to-violent spectrum (avoidance to assault) is a crisp, repeatable illustration of how discrimination scales.