Racism creates races through practice, and the practice hides itself as its own evidence

Evidence

The main argument of the first two parts of this article is that racism first produces racial identities and then the appearance of real races through racecraft – neither the identities, nor the races, are fixed or unchanging. … As a result, it is entirely possible to conceive of the creation of Muslims as a racially subordinated group through Islamophobia and the emergence of Islam as a race. … Islam, as a religion of color, is made racially meaningful against a white European Christianity. That meaning-making and race-making is racecraft. While the Fields’ articulation that racecraft is akin to witchcraft concentrates on ideology, it is worth underscoring that both racecraft and witchcraft were practices not just ideologies. Hence, craft. Racecraft plays a part in hiding racism. … Rather than race as the cause for the segregation of Blacks in the South, the segregation itself is also part of the racecraft. As Barbara Fields suggests, race produces evidence of itself. The crop failure is the evidence of witchcraft. The segregation is the evidence of Blackness as a race. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 322

Categorization

• XREF: Direct core of the racecraft thesis the reader is comparing against Aziz’s ‘Racial Muslim’ historical argument; also the explicit anchor for the whole book’s project. — connects to: Racecraft is the discursive machinery that makes anti-Muslim racism seem rational — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 411; Racecraft has material dimensions because segregation itself enacts race. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 328; Race emerges from prior racist practice, not from perceived difference — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 32 (+17 more)
• ADDENDUM: The cause-and-effect reversal (segregation is racecraft evidence rather than race-caused) parallels the mechanism logic the reader is harvesting for comparison.
• recurring: this claim recurs 4 times within its source

Broader Connections

• Race is the conceptual form through which the practice of racism operates #expands (0.90)
• Racism functions as practices that ascribe and legitimate social positions #corroborates (0.85)
• Racism is defined by its practice, not by intensity or rationalization #corroborates (0.85) — Zygmunt Bauman, Modernity and the Holocaust, 189
• Racial habits form through daily experience rather than overt racism #corroborates (0.85) — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black, 145
• Racism operates through routine practices, not only individual prejudice or formal institutions #corroborates (0.82) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1473