Racism produces races, and racism predates anti-Blackness

Evidence

It is important to underscore here that it is racism that produces different races, and that racism is not only anti- Blackness which develops later; racism is a preexisting feature of European history in connection to other groups. The form that it took against Africans during the slave trade and in the colonies during the rise of capitalism is anti-Blackness as we understand it today. Part of the construction of race was to homogenize Africans and strip them entirely of their history and particularity. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 60

Categorization

• XREF: Directly echoes the Fields sisters’ racecraft claim that race is constructed by racism; this is the premise the reader came looking for. — connects to: Racism precedes and produces race, not the reverse — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 52; Racism predates anti-Blackness and produces each distinct race.; Anti-Muslim racism predates and informs the modern race concept. — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims: Race and Labor in…, 157 (+2 more)
• DEFINE: Positions race as the product of ongoing racist practice rather than a fixed category that racism then targets.

Broader Connections

• Racism predates anti-Blackness and produces each distinct race. #corroborates (1.00)
• Races are produced by racism, not by biology #expands (0.92) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 76
• Anti-Muslim racism predates and informs the modern race concept. #exemplifies (0.82) — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims, 157
• Preexisting race-thinking gave racism a false veneer of respectability #complicates (0.72)