Many self-labelled Islamophobia scales measure components or unrelated constructs.

Evidence

Importantly, based on our endorsed definition of Islamophobia, we found that although many measures claimed to measure Islamophobia, these measures were actually assessing one of the components of the construct or a different construct altogether. — Ummul-Kiram Kathawalla, Fei Bi Chan, Quratulain Gulamhussein, Amy Riegelman, and Moin Syed, Conceptualization and Measurement of…, 87

Categorization

• SEED: Angle: ‘The Measurement Gap’ — what happens to empirical claims about rising Islamophobia when most instruments don’t actually measure it?