Multidimensional constructs require factor analysis before a measure counts as valid.

Evidence

The first step in assessing a measure’s validity is to examine the scale’s content validity. Since Islamophobia is a multidimensional construct, we have established the use of factor analysis as the minimum requirement for meeting the measure’s content validity. — Ummul-Kiram Kathawalla, Fei Bi Chan, Quratulain Gulamhussein, Amy Riegelman, and Moin Syed, Conceptualization and Measurement of…, 56

Categorization

• DEFINE: Factor analysis is operationalized here as the minimum bar for content validity of a multidimensional construct.
• XREF: Connects to measurement-validity debates in psychometrics and to the construct-stretching problem raised in Islamophobia scholarship.