Discussion of Islamophobia in British media increased and grew more serious over time.
Evidence
In a later study, which I commissioned in 2015, by Baker and McEnery (2015b) analysing corpus data for the period 2010–2014 (consisting of almost 80 million words) ‘Islamophobia’ (and the related terms) appeared 1,706 times, or 18.61 times per million words, indicating that, proportionally, discussion around the concept has increased over time. A similar analysis of 100 occurrences in the second corpus found that incidence of sarcastic uses or denial of the term fell from a third to a fifth (21 occurrences). … Comparing the average frequency of occurrences per year in the two corpora reveals an almost doubling in the number of mentions of Islamophobia, from 131.66 (1,574 mentions across 12 years, 1998– 2009) to 217.4 (1,087 mentions across 5 years, 2010–2014). — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 620
Categorization
- QUESTION: Why did mentions concentrate in 2004–2006 in the first corpus and what revived the term later? The text poses this question but the excerpt doesn’t answer it.
- XREF: connects to: The term Islamophobia was nearly absent from the British press during 1998–2003. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 616; Yearly Islamophobia mentions in the British press nearly doubled after 2010 — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia: Still a Challenge for Us…, 616; Media discourse frames Islamophobia as increasing and institutional. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 630 (+8 more)
Related
- Yearly Islamophobia mentions in the British press nearly doubled after 2010 (similarity 0.94)
- Islamophobia usage rose in British press while sarcastic or denying uses halved (similarity 0.94)
- The term Islamophobia was nearly absent from the British press during 1998–2003. (similarity 0.91)
- Islamophobia gained massive discursive resonance in Europe within about a decade (similarity 0.89)
- Media discourse frames Islamophobia as increasing and institutional. (similarity 0.88)
- British press language linked Islamophobia to racism and institutional forms (similarity 0.86)
- Post-2000 European Islamophobia emerged from terror, media, and the war on terror (similarity 0.86)
- Media bias against Muslims remains as prevalent today as in 1997 (similarity 0.85)
- British press blame for radicalization shifted toward extremist Islam itself (similarity 0.84)
- Islamophobic content has shifted from crude cartoons to globally shared narratives and institutional suspicion. (similarity 0.83)
- The English word Islamic has become negatively saturated in press usage (similarity 0.83)
- Islamophobia debates operate at distinct levels of definition, cause, and effect (similarity 0.83)
- Islamophobia as a concept never reached everyday popular discourse. (similarity 0.83)
- Islamophobia is one of several challenges British Muslims confront. (similarity 0.82)
- Public Islamophobia debate lacks empirical grounding and nuance (similarity 0.82)
Broader Connections
- Yearly Islamophobia mentions in the British press nearly doubled after 2010
#corroborates(0.85) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 616 - Islamophobia usage rose in British press while sarcastic or denying uses halved
#corroborates(0.85) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 615 - Media discourse frames Islamophobia as increasing and institutional.
#expands(0.80) — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 630 - British press language linked Islamophobia to racism and institutional forms
#corroborates(0.80) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 625 - Islamophobia gained massive discursive resonance in Europe within about a decade
#expands(0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 541 - Islamophobia has moved from academic usage into mainstream national discourse.
#corroborates(0.75) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 502 - Post-2000 European Islamophobia emerged from terror, media, and the war on terror
#qualifies(0.75) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 568 - European Islamophobia has moved from the far right into the political mainstream.
#expands(0.75) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 480 - Islamophobia is increasingly theorized as a form of racism rather than mere religious prejudice
#expands(0.75) - Islamophobia has become the dominant prejudice in Western societies
#expands(0.70) — Peter Morey, Islamophobia and the Novel, 15