Anti-terror and immigration policies become conflated in framing Muslims as foreign enemies

Evidence

In this setting, issues relating to anti-terror and security have far too often been equated with issues relating to immigration where internal and external security policies have become conflated or even interchangeable with each other. Because of this, Muslims have become understood in frames that both acknowledged and perpetuated an ongoing Otherness, one that is inherently foreign, alien and enemy and regularly interchanged with those populist notions of Muslims as ‘terrorists’ and ‘fifth columnists’ amongst others, as has been the case in the UK also. — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 580

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: The objective-enemy category permanently renews terror as targets shift across categories; Perceiving Muslims as disloyal shifts the policy frame from anti-discrimination to securitization.; The clash-of-civilizations lens drives even liberals toward illiberal anti-Muslim policies — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia: Still a Challenge for Us…, 684 (+20 more)

Related

• Perceiving Muslims as disloyal shifts the policy frame from anti-discrimination to securitization. (similarity 0.89)
• The clash-of-civilizations lens drives even liberals toward illiberal anti-Muslim policies (similarity 0.88)
• Counter-jihad ideology frames Islam as a hostile alien culture invading the west (similarity 0.86)
• Muslims are positioned as an external threat against America’s internal enemies. (similarity 0.86)
• The domestic Muslim enemy is fought with the same methods as the foreign one (similarity 0.84)
• Clash of civilizations framing located terrorism’s cause within Islam itself (similarity 0.84)
• The image of Muslims shifted with military threat, not with religion per se (similarity 0.83)
• Invasion-era stereotypes of foreign Muslims double as domestic anti-immigrant racism (similarity 0.83)
• Islamophobia flourishes on both the nativist right and among self-proclaimed liberals (similarity 0.83)
• Liberal inclusive language still frames Muslims only as terror informants (similarity 0.82)
• Muslims are framed as terrorists in cases only about immigration violations (similarity 0.82)
• White domestic terrorism still shapes immigration policy because Arabs are visually raced as terrorists (similarity 0.82)
• Counterterrorism rhetoric masks an offensive campaign against Muslims. (similarity 0.81)
• The Islam-is-violent frame deflects attention from empire’s violence (similarity 0.81)
• Denying that Muslims are enemies can itself construct them as threats (similarity 0.81)

Broader Connections

• Anti-immigration writers frame Muslim immigration as religious warfare on Western civilization #corroborates (0.85) — Margaret Hodson, Baby Jihad, 31
• State-perpetuated fear racializes Muslim bodies as terrorist enemies #corroborates (0.85)
• Muslims are positioned as an external threat against America’s internal enemies. #corroborates (0.82)
• Counterterrorism rhetoric masks an offensive campaign against Muslims. #expands (0.80)
• The War on Terror racially constructed Muslims as terrorists. #corroborates (0.80)
• Terrorism and extremism are treated as exclusive to Islam #corroborates (0.78)
• Clash of civilizations framing located terrorism’s cause within Islam itself #corroborates (0.75) — Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Introduction to…, 266
• Four interconnected groups jointly project the Muslim-enemy image #expands (0.75) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 537