The 2015 attacks made looking Muslim presume banlieue origin and suspicion.

Evidence

This was virgin territory for the other side of Paris and the whole of France, which had just experienced its deadliest modern terror attack, an attack orchestrated by eleven Arab and North African men from Saint-Denis, Clichy-sous-Bois, and other banlieues on the margins of Paris and beyond. Which meant that Malik and Médine and anybody who looked the part, anybody who “looked Muslim,” even tourists like myself, were presumed to be from the banlieue. — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 753

Categorization

Category: Causal Relationships

• XREF: Connects to the reader’s core thesis — Islamophobia as a global, coordinated condition — showing how one national attack generalizes suspicion to an entire population.

Related

• After the 2015 attacks, visibly Muslim people in France were presumed banlieue residents (similarity 0.94)
• The November 2015 attacks turned state surveillance onto banlieue Muslims. (similarity 0.87)
• French Muslims are branded by banlieue association regardless of where they reside (similarity 0.83)
• French Islamophobic sentiment is spatially concentrated in the stigmatized banlieues (similarity 0.83)
• France’s geographic proximity to Muslim lands makes its Islamophobia more layered (similarity 0.82)
• Paris and its banlieues hold mutually opposing images of each other as dangerous (similarity 0.82)
• Paris and its banlieues form two mutually suspicious cities only six miles apart. (similarity 0.81)
• The November 2015 Paris attacks killed ten times more than Charlie Hebdo (similarity 0.81)
• Non-Muslim disasters still get read through Islamophobic suspicion (similarity 0.81)
• Islam is presumed the culprit in disasters even when no Muslim link exists (similarity 0.80)
• Terrorism is not uniquely Islamic but often stems from state negligence and empire. (similarity 0.80)
• The coordinated November 2015 Paris attacks killed 130 people across multiple sites (similarity 0.80)
• Islamophobia worldwide shares the core link between Islam and terrorism (similarity 0.80)
• Counter-terrorism justification armd France to broadly profile and suppress Muslims (similarity 0.80)
• French Islamophobia predates the War on Terror and traces to Algerian colonialism (similarity 0.80)