Racism persists as structure, not merely as bad individuals’ stereotypes.

Evidence

Clinton reinforces the idea that our race problem rests with bad people, with the loud racists among us, but not with all of us. He also ignores the specific histories that inform racist acts and talks only about racial stereotypes: all Americans, he reminds us, stereotype. Obviously this is true. But we don’t all stereotype the same people in the same way and with the same effect. — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black, 316

Categorization

• DEFINE: Sharpens the distinction between racial habits (structurally consequential) and mere stereotyping that everyone does.
• XREF: Complements the reader’s interest in distinguishing the value gap and racial habits from ordinary prejudice. — connects to: Race quietly continues to structure membership even where racial talk is silenced. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race: Reflections on…, 290; Environmental injustice persists without racist intent because bias is structurally embedded — David Schlosberg, Defining Environmental Justice:…, 221; Racism persists through everyday practice even after legal segregation ends. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1490