Racism, not class alone, dictates which groups become ghettoized

Evidence

External observers also tended to ignore the fact that there was more variation in education and income among the inhabitants of these ghettos than would have been the case if income had been the sole determinant of where one lived. Four of the preconditions of ghettoization are ethnic diversity, racism, poverty, and urbanization. The United States had the first three in abundance at the beginning of the twentieth century and was about to add the fourth. Because racism is a decisive factor in the formation of a ghetto, most of the ghettos in the United States are black. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2384 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

But beneath the giddy exuberance of this ethos, of this released spirit and talking in many tongues harkening back to a much earlier time, lurks the legacy of deeper separations, residentially, educationally, commercially, and medically. These divides are reproduced so readily also in informal spheres and settings through implicit and sometimes explicit appeal to racial preference schemes or racially charged political agendas. Race has lost its religious authority, its sacralized status, to be sure, but freeing racism at once of its institutional constraints. The apartheid of race has been replaced by – better yet, subsumed into – a spiraling apartheid of class, to riff on Patrick Bond’s terms. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 1592 (#complicates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Voluntary ghettos remain impositions on long-enclosed people; Racism, not poverty alone, is the decisive factor forming ghettos. — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2384; Ghettoization both results from and perpetuates racism through ignorance — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2394 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Racism, not poverty alone, is the decisive factor forming ghettos. #corroborates (0.98) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 2384
• The apartheid of race has been subsumed into an apartheid of class #complicates (0.78) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 1592
• Cultural traits like language, clothing, and religious practice can racialize a group. #complicates (0.72)