Progressive media also contain liberal Islamophobia despite hosting dissenting voices

Evidence

There is another element of Islamophobia that has received surprisingly little attention, and that is gender. Juliane Hammer argues that Muslim women are on the center stage of the construction of Islamophobia and the images of terrorism. Like GhaneaBassiri, she sees Islamophobia as a complex phenomenon that cannot be reduced to the conspiracies of anti-Muslim ideologues. But she widens the field of associations to include domestic politics, imperial wars, feminist negotiations, and “Western” claims of superiority—and it includes the polite Islamophobia of liberals as well as conservatives. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 48 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Second, Islamophobia isn’t simply the product of fringe right-wing elements but exhibits in liberal and conservative forms. Right-wing Islamophobia exists on a continuum with liberal and conservative variants and adherents of all three sit comfortably within the infrastructure of empire. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 91 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

The Obama era therefore came to be characterized by a shift to liberal imperialism and liberal Islamophobia. The key characteristics of liberal Islamophobia are the rejection of the “clash of civilizations” thesis, the recognition that there are “good Muslims” with whom diplomatic relations can be forged, and a concomitant willingness to work with moderate Islamists. Liberal Islamophobia may be rhetorically gentler than conservative Islamophobia and (as we will see in chapter 10) the language of the “Islamophobic warriors,” but it is nonetheless racist and imperialist in that it takes for granted the “white man’s burden.” It doesn’t occur to the likes of Nye, Albright, and Haass that it is for ordinary people in the Middle East to make decisions about their societies. Self-determination does not enter their framework—and “benevolent supremacy” remains unquestioned. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 430 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim
• XREF: connects to: The Islamophobia network’s media far outweighs progressive media in reach; Right-wing Islamophobia shaped media bias before and independently of state power; Liberal Islamophobia rejects blatant rhetoric while instituting the same Muslim racialization policies (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• Anti-Muslim racism takes reactionary, conservative, and liberal forms in the media #expands (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 751
• Islamophobia spans liberal and conservative mainstreams, not just the fringe right #corroborates (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 91
• Islamophobia includes polite liberal variants, not only conservative conspiracy theories #corroborates (0.85) — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 48
• Liberal Islamophobia is racist and imperialist despite its gentler rhetoric #corroborates (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 430
• The Islamophobia network’s media far outweighs progressive media in reach #qualifies (0.80)
• Liberal Islamophobia rejects blatant rhetoric while instituting the same Muslim racialization policies #qualifies (0.80)
• Islam-as-violence framing migrated from the right into mainstream liberal media #expands (0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 346
• Liberal Islamophobia rejects clash rhetoric yet retains imperial paternalism toward Muslims #corroborates (0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 512
• Islamophobia flourishes on both the nativist right and among self-proclaimed liberals #corroborates (0.80) — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 689
• Culturalist framing of Islam enables respectable liberal Islamophobia #expands (0.78) — Runnymede Trust (ed. Farah Elahi & Omar Khan), Islamophobia, 167
• Right-wing Islamophobia shaped media bias before and independently of state power #qualifies (0.75)
• Liberal Islamophobia legitimizes and amplifies right-wing anti-Muslim conspiracy theories #expands (0.72)