Islamophobia includes polite liberal variants, not only conservative conspiracy theories

Evidence

There is another element of Islamophobia that has received surprisingly little attention, and that is gender. Juliane Hammer argues that Muslim women are on the center stage of the construction of Islamophobia and the images of terrorism. Like GhaneaBassiri, she sees Islamophobia as a complex phenomenon that cannot be reduced to the conspiracies of anti-Muslim ideologues. But she widens the field of associations to include domestic politics, imperial wars, feminist negotiations, and “Western” claims of superiority—and it includes the polite Islamophobia of liberals as well as conservatives. — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 48

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the reader’s stated pivot from interrogating Islam to examining the frightened subject — the ‘polite’ version is the fear that wears a friendly face. — connects to: Liberal novels often center non-Muslim protagonists in Islamophobia stories — Peter Morey, Islamophobia and the Novel, 355; A novel contesting Islamophobia can still quietly reinforce liberal-manichean binaries in its characterization.; Liberal Islamophobia is racist and imperialist despite its gentler rhetoric — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 430 (+16 more)
• SEED: Essay angle: the liberal-complicit mode of intolerance — how polite savior-pity of Muslim women performs the same othering that overt hate does.
• corroborated: 3 independent passages support this claim — Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ The Anatomy of…, 48

Broader Connections

• Liberal Islamophobia rejects Islam-bashing while enacting policies that target Muslims #corroborates (0.90) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 583
• Liberal Islamophobia condemns Islam-bashing while championing programs that target Muslims #corroborates (0.90) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 712
• Liberal Islamophobia is racist and imperialist despite its gentler rhetoric #corroborates (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 430
• Liberal Islamophobia under Obama worsened conditions for Muslims at home and abroad #exemplifies (0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 436
• A liberal-humanist stance toward novels can itself smuggle in Islamophobic assumptions #expands (0.75)
• Liberal containment of Islamophobia serves counterinsurgency strategy, not tolerance #expands (0.70) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 574
• Liberal reading habits themselves can fabricate Muslim difference #expands (0.70)
• Democratic and Republican parties practice different but complementary forms of Islamophobia #expands (0.65) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 327
• Islamophobia and Islamophilia share assumptions that produce the same political effects #expands (0.60)