European Islamophobia frames Muslim migration as soldiers in a renewed crusade.

Evidence

By this point, however, Muslims were no longer one enemy among many; the other pagan raiders (such as the Normans and Magyars) that had relentlessly invaded Christian Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries had been converted and integrated. The only enemy that remained was the Muslims. This is not to suggest, however, that Europe was united and at peace. Rather, Islam became a convenient “other” to mobilize support for the territorial ambitions of various rulers. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 60 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim
• XREF: connects to: The Crusades were tied to enduring European xenophobia rooted in Greek thought; Migration drives roughly half of Europe’s projected Muslim population growth to 2050. — Margaret Hodson, Baby Jihad, 24; Anti-Islam polemicists claim European Christians and Jews will face mass forced conversion — Margaret Hodson, Baby Jihad, 37 (+5 more)

Related

• Islam became the convenient enemy to mobilize Europe’s territorial ambitions (similarity 0.89)
• The Crusades were tied to enduring European xenophobia rooted in Greek thought (similarity 0.84)
• Historical memory of the Crusades drives Europeans’ anti-Muslim votes and stares (similarity 0.84)
• Islam served as Europe’s constitutive outsider against which its civilization defined itself (similarity 0.84)
• The Crusades used religion to mask social and economic conflicts (similarity 0.81)
• The papacy manufactured Muslims as a holy-war enemy to unify Christian Europe (similarity 0.81)
• Empire served as a dumping ground for Europe’s undesirables and repressed desires (similarity 0.81)
• Islamophobia stems from nationalism’s ambiguities rather than fear of Islam (similarity 0.80)
• The European Union helped spread Islamophobia across continents as part of its identity (similarity 0.79)
• The Eurabia conspiracy theory migrated from Europe into US Islamophobia (similarity 0.79)
• Medieval theological justification for opposing Muslims has faded in Europe. (similarity 0.79)
• Sustained daily contact tempered hostile European images of Muslims. (similarity 0.79)
• The Crusades were framed as a militaristic pilgrimage against Islamic advance (similarity 0.79)
• The Crusades were less coherent religious triumph than convenient enemy-making (similarity 0.79)
• Europeans once considered the Ottomans ethnically European (similarity 0.79)

Broader Connections

• Historical memory of the Crusades drives Europeans’ anti-Muslim votes and stares #expands (0.60)
• Islam became the convenient enemy to mobilize Europe’s territorial ambitions #expands (0.60) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 60
• Islamophobia is an empire advanced by a network of governments with distinct crusades #expands (0.55)