Dog-whistle theory may be outdated because overt racial prejudice is now socially acceptable.

Evidence

Recently, Valentino et al. (2018) found across four nationally representative survey experiments that implicit appeals are no more effective than explicit appeals in increasing the power of racial animus on whites’ policy preferences. They argued that this is not due to a problem in racial priming theory as it was initially formulated but rather is due to a changing political environment in which overt displays of racial prejudice have become more socially acceptable. — Rachel Wetts and Robb Willer, Who Is Called by the Dog Whistle?…, 26

Categorization

• QUESTION: Directly relevant to the reading purpose about whether threat-hardened convictions backfire when corrected—if overt racism no longer needs concealment, the entire manufactured-enemy mechanism differs.
• ADDENDUM: Connects to the question of whether professed egalitarian conviction predicts actual bias; here the claim is that egalitarian norms themselves have decayed.
• XREF: connects to: Dog whistles activate latent racial prejudice while evading egalitarian norms — Rachel Wetts and Robb Willer, Who Is Called by the Dog Whistle?…, 5; Old-fashioned racism declined but prejudice mutated into subtler forms; Overt racism no longer sustains racial inequality; daily habits do. — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black: How Race Still…, 139 (+8 more)

Related

• Overt racism has been replaced by subtle implicit bias (similarity 0.83)
• Dog whistles activate latent racial prejudice while evading egalitarian norms (similarity 0.82)
• Prejudice-based accounts cannot explain why racial attitudes changed form (similarity 0.82)
• Racial dog whistles replaced explicit slurs after the civil rights movement (similarity 0.81)
• Blatant racism has shifted into subtle aversive forms (similarity 0.80)
• Overt racism no longer sustains racial inequality; daily habits do. (similarity 0.80)
• Dog-whistle effects may cut opposite ways across ideology (similarity 0.79)
• Explicit and implicit racial cues boost racial resentment equally in whites (similarity 0.79)
• Prior exposure to racialized elite cues hardens opposite positions against novel racial appeals. (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• Dog whistles activate latent racial prejudice while evading egalitarian norms #contradicts (0.85) — Rachel Wetts and Robb Willer, Who Is Called by the Dog Whistle?…, 5
• Old-fashioned racism declined but prejudice mutated into subtler forms #expands (0.85)
• Old-fashioned racism is no longer an effective political force in America #corroborates (0.85)
• Overt racism no longer sustains racial inequality; daily habits do. #qualifies (0.80) — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black, 139
• Overt racism has been replaced by subtle implicit bias #expands (0.80) — Joseph Avery, Jim Sidanius, Joel Cooper, Gregory Davis, Amanda N., Bias in the Law, 21
• Prejudice-based accounts cannot explain why racial attitudes changed form #corroborates (0.80) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3423
• Blatant racism has shifted into subtle aversive forms #expands (0.80) — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 1101
• Overt racism faded but reemerged as subtler symbolic and modern racisms. #expands (0.80)
• The very accusation of racism has become a breach of civility #corroborates (0.80)
• Convincing people racism is over ensures that racism persists #responds-to (0.75) — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 1142