British anti-racist unity under black identity dissolved as politics of recognition grew

Evidence

Robert Miles supports this by citing Paul Gilroy’s There ain’t no black in the Union Jack as a perfect example, where Asians were granted merely a ‘walk-on’ part. Modood also suggested that the term ‘black’ overlooked and obscured Asian needs despite them becoming an ever-growing population, adding that ‘black’ was also far too politicised that for Asians was little more than a ‘political colour’ that appealed only to a very limited aspect of their individual or community being. The final two arguments were that ‘black’ was non-conducive to ethnic pride and that there was a coerciveness by anti-racist advocates where the consent of Asians and others who were not culturally black became taken for granted and so negated their status and distinctive identity. resultantly, Modood put forward the argument that new identities were needed that broke the hegemonic grip of ‘political blackness’. — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 57 (#expands, via linked claim)

The Runnymede Trust was founded in 1968. Up until about 1992 the dominant terms in Runnymede’s discourse were ‘race’, ‘race relations’ and ‘colour’ – the Trust’s work reflected, that is to say, the conceptual consensus established by the Race Relations Acts of the 1960s and 1976. The dominant discourse portrayed everyone as either white or coloured – or, according to the terminology developed in the eighties, white or black (later, since about 1998, white or BME – Black and minority ethnic). The worldview reflected in this language was derived in part from the United States and in part from Britain’s experience as a colonial power. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 730 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: British anti-racism discourse centred on colour until the early 1990s — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 730; British antiracism’s black-white frame erased the West Indian-Asian divide and hindered Asian mobilization.; The anti-racist term ‘black’ excluded Asians and prompted new identities — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 57 (+3 more)

Related

• British anti-racism discourse centred on colour until the early 1990s (similarity 0.90)
• The anti-racist term ‘black’ excluded Asians and prompted new identities (similarity 0.89)
• Race Relations Act 1976 drove the ‘black’ consensus that marginalized Asians (similarity 0.84)
• The Runnymede Trust’s founding paradigm was colour-based race relations, not religion. (similarity 0.82)
• Black identity as political category only emerged after the late 1960s (similarity 0.82)
• The term black once united nonwhite Britons across creed and culture (similarity 0.81)
• The Runnymede Trust acknowledged Islamophobia as racism in 1994 (similarity 0.79)
• Modood rejected the ‘black’ label as coercive over Asians (similarity 0.79)
• Trustees resisted an Islamophobia commission as a radical break from the colour-based race paradigm. (similarity 0.79)
• Jungle helped establish a post-racial Britain by defying racial sound categories (similarity 0.79)
• The term Islamophobia originated in a 1991 Runnymede Trust report (similarity 0.78)
• Muslims were told anti-Muslim racism cannot exist because Muslims are not a race (similarity 0.78)
• Separating Islamophobia as ideology from racism undermines anti-racist struggle (similarity 0.78)
• Muslim migrants were initially subsumed under the hegemonic ‘Asian’ label (similarity 0.78)

Broader Connections

• The unifying 1970s category of black suppressed internal differences among nonwhite Britons. #corroborates (0.90)
• The anti-racist term ‘black’ excluded Asians and prompted new identities #expands (0.88) — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 57
• British anti-racism discourse centred on colour until the early 1990s #corroborates (0.82) — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 730
• British antiracism’s black-white frame erased the West Indian-Asian divide and hindered Asian mobilization. #complicates (0.80)
• National identity transition moments breed new exclusionary racisms #expands (0.75)