Nowak, M. A., & Sigmund, K — Evolution of Indirect Reciprocity by Image Scoring

10 published claims from this book.

• A two-level analytical image-scoring model can be solved rather than simulated
• An image score updates only when one acts as donor, not as recipient.
• Cooperation in image-scoring populations requires only about two interactions per player per lifetime.
• Discriminator strategies base aid on recipients’ most recent recorded move.
• Donor-specific image scoring sustains cooperation while self-only strategies fail
• Human ultrasociality rests on cultural moral systems and reciprocity rather than kin selection.
• In image-scoring simulations cooperation wins when interaction frequency per generation is high.
• Larger groups make cooperation harder to establish because reputational information spreads more thinly.
• Prefrontal cortex neurons selectively represent only task-relevant information
• Unconditional cooperators must be modeled separately from image-scoring discriminators.