Tools of racecraft honed on Blacks and Native Americans get retargeted at Muslims

Evidence

Racism relies on racecraft, a set of tools that racism deploys to subordinate groups. In the United States, those tools have been developed and perfected against Black Americans and Native Americans to be later tailored for use against new groups like Muslims. Then, through an iterative process of increasingly particularized racism, the subject population’s identity becomes more defined and ultimately may result in the emergence of a race. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 41

Racism relies on racecraft, a set of tools that racism deploys to subordinate groups. In the United States, those tools have been developed and perfected against Black Americans and Native Americans to be later tailored for use against new groups like Muslims. Then, through an iterative process of increasingly particularized racism, the subject population’s identity becomes more defined and ultimately may result in the emergence of a race. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 41

Categorization

• XREF: The ‘tailoring tools perfected against Black and Native Americans for later use on Muslims’ causal claim is precisely what to test against Aziz’s historical account of the Racial Muslim. — connects to: The same racecraft tools operate against every subordinated minority across centuries — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 455; Spatial racecraft against Muslims mirrors housing segregation tools honed on Black Americans — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 468; Muslims now occupy the pariah racial position blacks once held (+9 more)
• corroborated: 3 independent passages support this claim — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 41
• recurring: this claim recurs 2 times within its source

Broader Connections

• Property racecraft perfected against Black Americans now templates anti-Muslim exclusion. #corroborates (0.95) — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 468
• War on Terror homogenized Muslims the way earlier eras homogenized Native Americans and Africans #corroborates (0.90) — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 232
• Muslims now occupy the pariah racial position blacks once held #corroborates (0.85)
• European colonial imagination mapped its Moorish fears onto Native Americans before meaningful contact. #corroborates (0.85) — Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imagination, 33
• Puritans applied heathen and infidel labels to Native Americans much as Spaniards did #corroborates (0.85)
• John Smith’s anti-Muslim crusading shaped English views of Native Americans. #corroborates (0.85)
• Britain borrowed demonization of Native Americans and applied it to Muslims #corroborates (0.80) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 111
• Palestinians were racialized like Native Americans as heathens on discovered land #expands (0.75) — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 633
• Spatial racecraft against Muslims mirrors housing segregation tools honed on Black Americans #pays-off (0.60) — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 468