The presumption of Muslim terrorism shapes both state discrimination and Muslim response

Evidence

On the one hand, this presumption, which occupies the very marrow of how I define Islamophobia, drives how governments and societies discriminate against Muslims. But on the other, it pressures how Muslims consciously and subconsciously respond to the waves of Islamophobia that stalk them after every disaster and crisis. — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 66

Categorization

• XREF: The two-sided pressure — external discrimination plus internalized response — parallels the reader’s existing noise/silence work on how ambient hostility reshapes the subject’s own defenses. — connects to: Courts treated ordinary Muslim religiosity as evidence of terrorist predisposition — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 574; Racialized claims of terrorist harm weight legal balancing tests against Muslims. — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 350; Anti-terror suspicion and discrimination can push people toward extremism — Ryan Andrew Brown, Todd C. Helmus, Rajeev Ramchand, Alina I. Palimaru, Sarah Weilant, Ashley L. Rhoades, and Liisa Hiatt (RAND Corporation), Violent Extremism in America:…, 120 (+1 more)