Anti-Muslim sentiment is shifting from terror fear to cultural-threat framing

Evidence

In contrast, recent studies find that negative perceptions of Muslims are shifting from association with terrorism to being perceived as a cultural threat to American values. Islamophobia situates Muslims outside the cultural mainstream on account of their religious identity. As the rate of terrorism by Muslims remains low in the United States, the salience of politicians’ accusations that Muslims do not support religious tolerance, gender equality, or democracy increases. These narratives, though complementary, stand in contrast to narratives that Muslims are security threats—the dominant stereotype for more than fifteen years after 9/11. — Sahar F. Aziz, The Racial Muslim, 191

Categorization

• XREF: Doctrine-relevant: a cultural-threat stereotype sounds in national-origin/cultural racism rather than security — material for how courts would classify discrimination.