The pan-movements arose from peoples denied national emancipation and sovereignty

Evidence

JUST AS continental imperialism sprang from the frustrated ambitions of countries which did not get their share in the sudden expansion of the eighties, so tribalism appeared as the nationalism of those peoples who had not participated in national emancipation and had not achieved the sovereignty of a nation-state. Wherever the two frustrations were combined, as in multinational Austria-Hungary and Russia, the pan-movements naturally found their most fertile soil. Moreover, since the Dual Monarchy harbored both Slavic and German irredentist nationalities, Pan-Slavism and Pan-Germanism concentrated from the beginning on its destruction, and Austria-Hungary became the real center of pan-movements. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 579

Categorization

Category: Causal Relationships

• XREF: The causal mechanism of frustrated nationalism generating extremism will echo in the reader’s Islamophobia toolkit about the relationship between disenfranchisement and radical identity politics.

Related

• Supranational empires educated subject nations in tribal nationalism by pitting nationalities against each other (similarity 0.87)
• Nationalism in multinational empires disrupts internally instead of unifying as in nation-states (similarity 0.83)
• Divide-and-rule government bred tribal nationalism by teaching that nationhood requires oppressing others (similarity 0.82)
• Pan-movements emerged when landlocked nations lacked overseas colonies and turned expansion inward (similarity 0.81)
• Austrian Pan-Germanism sought a revolutionary racial hierarchy beyond state power (similarity 0.81)
• Pan-movements prefigured totalitarianism by discarding imperialist snobbery and exploiting hatred of representative institutions. (similarity 0.80)
• Only peoples dissatisfied with their state position developed full pan-movements. (similarity 0.79)
• Pan-movement antisemitism gained force by merging with tribal nationalism. (similarity 0.79)
• Both Pan-Slavism and Pan-Germanism targeted the dissolution of Austria-Hungary. (similarity 0.79)
• Pan-movements replaced relative national mission with absolute claims to divine chosenness (similarity 0.79)
• The nation-state emerged from joined nationality and state, depending on rooted peasant classes (similarity 0.78)