Pan-movement antisemitism gained force by merging with tribal nationalism.

Evidence

What made the antisemitism of the pan-movements so effective that it could survive the general decline of antisemitic propaganda during the deceptive quiet that preceded the outbreak of the first World War was its merger with the tribal nationalism of Eastern Europe. For there existed an inherent affinity between the pan-movements’ theories about peoples and the rootless existence of the Jewish people. It seemed the Jews were the one perfect example of a people in the tribal sense, their organization the model the pan-movements were striving to emulate, their survival and their supposed power the best proof of the correctness of racial theories. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 607

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the concept of ‘tribal nationalism’ and its affinity with antisemitism — a central scaffolding concept for understanding racialized exclusion.
• XREF: Directly anticipates the Islamophobia field’s concern with how racial theories convert group identity into a fixed paranoid enemy-image.