Terrorist attacks shift newspaper framing of Muslims toward blame and negativity.

Evidence

Following a terrorist incident, newspapers were more likely to employ negative frames and themes (Means 33.5%) than positive themes (Means 29.1%) or neutral themes (Means 22.8%), which blamed Muslims for acts of terror and bloodshed. These findings align with the research of Gunning and Jackson (2011), which demonstrates how studies on terrorism either explicitly identify religion as the primary cause of terrorism or imply that it does, and how religion Table 6 Indicating Muslims as the shape of Diverse, Neutral and Monolithic *Statistically significant difference compared to News Papers *IF _4 Crosstabulation in Table 3 and so on News Paper Calculation Diverse Neutral Monolithic Totalize The National Count 11 17 1 29 %within newspaper 37. — Muhammad Asad Latif, The Identity of Religion Always Comes Up, 99

Categorization

• XREF: Resonates with scholarship (Gunning and Jackson) showing terrorism research often presumes religion as prime cause.
• SEED: Angle: ‘The Day After’ — how one attack reprograms an entire newspaper’s vocabulary for a year.