Newspaper framing of Muslims after attacks splits into enemy and partner frames

Evidence

In Table 5, according to IF 2, Closed views of Islam, or enemy frames, were increasingly common in the Daily News (means 28.6%), Toronto Sun (means 35.7%), and Times of India (means 10.7%) regarding the aftermath of terrorist attacks. Conversely, The Guardian (means 24.3%), The National (means 43.2%), and The Express Tribune (means 18.9%) had more Partner Frames (Open viewpoints on Islam) than the average. — Muhammad Asad Latif, The Identity of Religion Always Comes Up, 56

Categorization

• DEFINE: ‘Enemy Frames’ vs ‘Partner Frames’ is a binary coding scheme for open and closed portrayals of Islam, useful for reading similar studies.