Sexism made the black female slave’s lot harsher than the male’s

Evidence

Mass sexual exploitation of enslaved black women was a direct consequence of the anti-woman sexual politics of colonial patriarchal America. Since the black woman was not protected either by law or public opinion, she was an easy target. While racism was clearly the evil that had decreed black people would be enslaved, it was sexism that determined that the lot of the black female would be harsher, more brutal than that of the black male slave. — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 142

Categorization

• DEFINE: Core hooks thesis: distinguishes racism’s role from sexism’s role in slavery, foundational to her call for Black feminism.
• SEED: Article angle: the distinct analytical separation between racism and sexism in slavery as a foundation for intersectionality.
• XREF: connects to: White male sexual power over slaves redirected white women’s anger onto black women — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 451; Enslaved black women withheld the respect they granted white men from white mistresses — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 450; Nineteenth century black women suffered most from sexism yet lacked collective power — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 465 (+13 more)

Related

• Sexism and racism together intensified black women’s oppression beyond black men’s. (similarity 0.93)
• Enslaved black women shared racial status with men but faced sexist subordination (similarity 0.93)
• Sexism and racism were twin oppressive forces in black women’s slave experience (similarity 0.90)
• Black women experienced sexist oppression distinct from racism (similarity 0.90)
• Black women under slavery were doubly enslaved by race and sex (similarity 0.90)
• Sexual exploitation dehumanized black women more than labor exploitation did (similarity 0.90)
• Understanding black women’s status requires analyzing race and sex together (similarity 0.90)
• Black women bore the brunt of slave-ship terror because they could not retaliate (similarity 0.90)
• Black women’s exploitation is better described as masculinization than black men’s de-masculinization. (similarity 0.90)
• Enslaved women absorbed anti-woman violence that white women otherwise faced (similarity 0.89)
• Black men asserted dominance over women to compensate for losing to white men (similarity 0.89)
• Enslaved black women withheld the respect they granted white men from white mistresses (similarity 0.88)
• Nineteenth-century black women endured double enslavement by race and sex (similarity 0.88)
• White male sexual power over slaves redirected white women’s anger onto black women (similarity 0.88)
• Institutionalized sexism protected black male sexuality while legitimizing black female assault (similarity 0.88)

Broader Connections

• Sexism and racism were twin oppressive forces in black women’s slave experience #corroborates (0.80)
• Enslaved black women shared racial status with men but faced sexist subordination #corroborates (0.70) — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 150
• Black women experienced sexist oppression distinct from racism #expands (0.70) — bell hooks, Ain’t I a Woman_ Black Women and…, 47
• Enslaved black men held higher status than black women under slavery #expands (0.60)