Racial inequality stems from violence and closure strategies, not markets alone

Evidence

In the power resources approach, race and ethnicity also have received little attention. Again, however, this need not imply that these factors cannot be brought into the power resources perspective. Thus, for example, systems of inequality based on race and ethnicity typically have their origins in the exercise of means of violence - wars, colonization, and enslavement. These historical roots have been perpetuated via strategies of closure, defining racial and ethnic characteristics as marks of inferiority, inequalities to which differentially distributed rewards have been added. — Walter Korpi, The Iceberg of Power below the Surface, 21

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Racial inequalities originate in violence and persist through closure strategies tied to class. — Walter Korpi, The Iceberg of Power below the Surface:…, 21; Racial inequality does not rest only with discriminating individuals — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black: How Race Still…, 155; Contemporary racial inequality persists without explicit racist laws or intentions — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1907 (+13 more)

Broader Connections

• Racial inequalities originate in violence and persist through closure strategies tied to class. #corroborates (0.97) — Walter Korpi, The Iceberg of Power below the Surface, 21
• Physical violence is a routine structural tool of inequality, not uncontrolled animosity #corroborates (0.88) — , Rudman, Laurie A - On the Nature of…, 678
• Racial violence directly suppressed black business formation and wealth #exemplifies (0.85) — Dorothy A. Brown, Getting to Reparations, 449
• Racism operates at a structural level irreducible to interpersonal group rivalry #corroborates (0.85) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1388
• Retributive racial violence functioned to reassure whites of racial dominance #exemplifies (0.84) — Robert P. Jones, White Too Long, 633
• Racial disparities in policing arise from systemic forces, not individual racism #exemplifies (0.82)
• Structural racism operates beyond individual intentions and prejudice #expands (0.80) — Cyra Akila Choudhury, Racecraft and Identity in the Emergence…, 42
• Racial wealth inequality stems from dispossession of means of production #expands (0.80) — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 89
• Racial inequality does not rest only with discriminating individuals #qualifies (0.78) — Eddie S. Glaude Jr., Democracy in Black, 155
• Race operates as sacred violence purchasing order through scapegoats #expands (0.78) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 1349
• Racialized structures distribute resources and access by race #expands (0.76) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1828
• Black economic inequality relative to whites remained structurally fixed across multiple decades #expands (0.75) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3351
• Contemporary racial inequality persists without explicit racist laws or intentions #expands (0.74) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1907
• Racism converts perceived permanent difference into inequality #expands (0.73)
• Subtle racial attitudes stem from structural inequality plus perceived group threat #expands (0.72) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3437