Racial discrimination persists inside the status hierarchy of scientific institutions

Evidence

A third concern has been racist patterns of discrimination in the social structure of the sciences. Gaining access to scientific training and jobs has often required heroic struggles and tolerance of insulting and demeaning treatment by education and science institutions and by racially privileged teachers, employers, and peers. Even when trained as scientists, few people of color have been promoted to the most distinguished teaching positions, directorships of the most prestigious laboratories, or the most powerful science policy positions (Manning, 1983; Pearson, 1985; Science, 1992). — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1574

Categorization

• XREF: Supports the vault’s racial-formation framing that scientific institutions are racial structures, not neutral fields. — connects to: Racial typing drew scientific legitimacy from downwards-directed species categories. — Edward W. Said, Orientalism, 584; Racial resource disparities compound rather than reduce expectations in academia — Dorothy A. Brown, The Whiteness of Wealth: How the Tax…, 25; Forms of discrimination track institutional structure, not underlying hostility (+4 more)
• DEFINE: Concretizes ‘social structure of the sciences’ - the ladder of labs, directorships, and policy posts - as a racialized hierarchy.

Broader Connections

• Racial exclusion persists through institutions while personal relations integrate #corroborates (0.85) — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 909
• Racial typing drew scientific legitimacy from downwards-directed species categories. #expands (0.82) — Edward W. Said, Orientalism, 584
• Racism in science operates at three distinct levels of practice #expands (0.82) — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 1553
• Racial resource disparities compound rather than reduce expectations in academia #corroborates (0.80) — Dorothy A. Brown, The Whiteness of Wealth, 25
• Forms of discrimination track institutional structure, not underlying hostility #qualifies (0.80)
• Disparities created demand for scientific racist justifications #corroborates (0.75) — Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 1080