Modern expert systems allow no one to opt out of their influence.

Evidence

One of the things this means, in a situation in which many aspects of modernity have become globalised, is that no one can completely opt out of the abstract systems involved in modern institutions. This is most obviously the case in respect of such phenomena as the risk of nuclear war or of ecological catastrophe. But it is true in a more thoroughgoing way of large tracts of day-to-day life, as it is lived by most of the population. Individuals in pre-modern settings, in principle and in practice, could ignore the pronouncements of priests, sages, and sorcerers and get on with the routines of daily activity. But this is not the case in the modern world, in respect of expert knowledge. — Anthony Giddens, The Consequences of Modernity, 204

Categorization

  • XREF: Stevens cannot ‘opt out’ of Darlington’s world or, later, the American employer’s — and the novel dramatizes how opting out is structurally impossible once one’s identity is constituted by the institution. — connects to: Confidence in expert systems can be catastrophically misplaced — Anthony Giddens, The Consequences of Modernity, 13

Broader Connections