Measures of negative beliefs alone fail to qualify as Islamophobia measures

Evidence

The prejudicial attitudes content area included measures with items assessing non-Muslims’ negative beliefs towards Muslims or Islam. Measures categorized in the prejudicial attitudes content area were not a measure of Islamophobia as they did not include items measuring perceived 15302415, 2024, 3, Downloaded from https://spssi. — Ummul-Kiram Kathawalla, Fei Bi Chan, Quratulain Gulamhussein, Amy Riegelman, and Moin Syed, Conceptualization and Measurement of…, 93

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies that a prejudice scale lacking threat or action items is explicitly excluded from being an Islamophobia measure.
• QUESTION: The paragraph breaks off mid-clause (‘items measuring perceived’) — what exactly do the authors require alongside negative belief before counting it as Islamophobia?