Islamophobia measurement splits into six distinct but related content areas

Evidence

We found that measures in this systematic review were best categorized into six different content areas: (1) Islamophobia (N = 24), (2) prejudicial attitudes (N = 80), (3) discriminatory actions (N = 21), (4) fear of Muslims (N = 23), (5) anti-other group (N = 52), and (6) experiences of discrimination for Muslims (N = 49). These content areas were developed through our review and analysis of the construct of Islamophobia and were deemed as separate, but related, constructs. Each content area included validated and non-validated measures across all five measure formats (i.e., multiitem, single-item, feeling thermometer, IAT, social distance). — Ummul-Kiram Kathawalla, Fei Bi Chan, Quratulain Gulamhussein, Amy Riegelman, and Moin Syed, Conceptualization and Measurement of…, 91

Categorization

• XREF: The six-way split (fear, prejudice, discrimination, anti-other, Muslim-reported experience) maps onto the recurring argument in the Islamophobia literature over whether the phenomenon is attitudinal or experiential.
• SEED: A methodological piece: ‘Six ways to measure a prejudice’ — why survey instruments fragment a single construct and what that does to reported prevalence.