Loudness develops over time after a sound ends, so later noise can interrupt it

Evidence

The effect of pre-masking on loudness is quite interesting and can be measured if a second loud sound reduces the loudness of a preceding short sound when separated from the second by only some 10 ms. An example of such an effect is indicated in Fig. 8.15. The inset shows the temporal configuration of the two sounds. A 5-ms, 60-dB, 2-kHz tone burst preceeds a uniform exciting noise burst with a critical-band level of 65 dB. The distance between the test.-tone burst and the uniform exciting noise burst is indicated by iJ.t. The loudness of the test-tone burst is measured by comparing it with the loudness of a 2-kHz tone burst, also of 5-ms duration, which is not followed by t.he uniform exciting noise. The solid curve of Fig. 8.15 shows the results of such loudness comparisons by indicating the loudness of the temporally partial-masked tone burst as a function of the gap duration between the tone burst and the following uniform exciting noise. The loudness of the [i-ms, 2-kHz test-tone burst in unmasked condition reaches about 1.9 sone. This value is also obtained with large values of iJ.t near 200 IllS. — Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 1241 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

The loudness percept requires some time to build up. The loudness level caused by a 2-kHz tone burst is shown in Figure 10.16. When the length of the burst decreases from 100 ms, the loudness decreases 10 phones each time the length is decreased to one tenth, indicating that the loudness percept is formed by integrating sound energy over time. This operation performed by our hearing is called temporal integration. For a sound burst lasting longer than 200 ms, loudness no longer increases (Fastl and Zwicker, 2007). — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1171 (#expands, via linked claim)

From the field of sound that you are hearing, select a sound. Focus on it and amplify it with your imagination. Continue to hold and amplify the sound, even if the real sound has stopped. When you are done, scan your body/mind and notate your feelings. — Pauline Oliveros, Deep Listening, 332 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim
• XREF: connects to: A following loud sound reduces the loudness of an earlier short sound — Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 1241; Imagined amplification allows a heard sound to persist after it stops — Pauline Oliveros, Deep Listening, 332; Hearing forms loudness by integrating sound energy over about 100-200 ms — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1171 (+1 more)

Related

• Sustained sound beyond about 200 ms adds no further loudness (similarity 0.91)
• Loudness perception takes time to develop and so can be interrupted by later sounds (similarity 0.91)
• A following loud sound reduces the loudness of an earlier short sound (similarity 0.90)
• Hearing forms loudness by integrating sound energy over about 100-200 ms (similarity 0.89)
• Hearing integrates sound intensity over a fixed 200 ms window (similarity 0.88)
• Sound perception decays slowly and can mask a following sound (similarity 0.85)
• Perceived loudness of time-varying sounds is set by short-time peak values. (similarity 0.85)
• Perceived loudness integrates sound over a roughly one-second running window (similarity 0.85)
• Hearing thresholds are defined for steady tones lasting over 100 ms (similarity 0.84)
• Loudness halves for every tenfold decrease in tone duration below 100 ms (similarity 0.84)
• Loudness models need 100-200 ms time constants to capture temporal integration and post-masking. (similarity 0.84)
• Sounds shorter than 200 ms are perceived quieter, scaled to burst length (similarity 0.84)
• Sounds under 200 milliseconds need more amplitude to be perceived equally loud (similarity 0.83)
• Time-varying sound loudness is set by integrated loudness peaks, not moment-to-moment level (similarity 0.83)
• Short sounds decay in perceived loudness faster than long sounds. (similarity 0.83)

Broader Connections

• A following loud sound reduces the loudness of an earlier short sound #corroborates (0.85) — Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 1241
• Hearing forms loudness by integrating sound energy over about 100-200 ms #expands (0.80) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1171
• Imagined amplification allows a heard sound to persist after it stops #expands (0.75) — Pauline Oliveros, Deep Listening, 332
• Hearing is highly sensitive to temporal changes in sound #corroborates (0.70) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 685