Islamophobia’s coinage predates the Oxford English Dictionary’s 1991 attribution.

Evidence

In terms of the word Islamophobia being recorded in print, as mentioned previously, the Oxford English Dictionary suggests that it was first used in 1991 in the American periodical, Insight. Whilst this appears to be inaccurate by some 66 years, in its contemporary guise Modood also employed the term in 1991 despite having written about the issue of an anti-Muslim, anti-Islamic phenomenon a number of times in both 1990 and 1991. Unfortunately, he did not refer to it as Islamophobia on either occasion. What is interesting though is that whilst Modood’s usage referred to the socio-political British Muslim experience – ‘a cultural sickness’ as he put it31 –for Insight, Islamophobia had a distinctly international context: ‘Islamophobia … accounts for Moscow’s reluctance to relinquish its position in Afghanistan, despite the estimated $300 million a month it takes to keep the Kabul regime going’. — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 73

Categorization

• DEFINE: Shows the term originated in British grassroots Muslim contexts, not American publishing, despite the OED’s first-print attribution — a genealogical correction important to the definitional debate.
• XREF: Connects to Modood’s position in the definitional debate over open vs closed views; he supplies the early British socio-political framing Allen later supersedes. — connects to: Islamophobia entered print via distinct British and American usages in 1991; Islamophobia’s coinage predates 1991 and is contested — Chris Allen, Islamophobia, 40; The linking of Islamophobia with antisemitism predates the 1997 Runnymede report. — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 697

Related

• Islamophobia entered print via distinct British and American usages in 1991 (similarity 0.91)
• Islamophobia’s coinage predates 1991 and is contested (similarity 0.89)
• Tariq Modood is credited as a likely early coiner of the term (similarity 0.85)
• The term Islamophobia first appeared in print around 1989 to Huntington’s thesis (similarity 0.85)
• The term Islamophobia was nearly absent from the British press during 1998–2003. (similarity 0.83)
• The term Islamophobia entered policy prominence through Runnymede’s 1997 report. (similarity 0.83)
• The linking of Islamophobia with antisemitism predates the 1997 Runnymede report. (similarity 0.82)
• The term Islamophobia originated in a 1991 Runnymede Trust report (similarity 0.82)
• The OED’s first cited use defined Islamophobia as a directed anti-Muslim phenomenon (similarity 0.82)
• Discussion of Islamophobia in British media increased and grew more serious over time. (similarity 0.81)
• Islamophobia’s contestation stems from a failure to define or conceptualise it. (similarity 0.81)
• Islamophobia usage rose in British press while sarcastic or denying uses halved (similarity 0.80)
• The 1994 Runnymede report first acknowledged Islamophobia in British non-Muslim print. (similarity 0.80)
• Runnymede drew on anti-Semitism analogies yet built a different, dualistic model (similarity 0.80)
• The Islamophobia concept was born partly from Runnymede’s earlier antisemitism work (similarity 0.80)

Broader Connections

• The linking of Islamophobia with antisemitism predates the 1997 Runnymede report. #corroborates (0.78) — A. Hussain, N. Meer, Framing Muslim Integration, 697