Failed secular ideologies leave religion to fill the political vacuum

Evidence

I think about Islam; I think about the possibility of Islamic nationalism; I think about the moment of Islamic socialism. All of them exhausted, one after another, in the Cold War and in the period after that. What is left as a way of identifying yourself but religion? Unfortunately, this is a move to the regressive side of the political spectrum, but it’s performing a lot of the same functions as these other movements performed at an earlier stage. — Stuart Hall, Essential Essays, Volume 2, 1145 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Secularization left a legitimation gap that only democratic procedure could fill — Jürgen Habermas, A New Structural Transformation of the…, 16; Religion’s resurgence reflects political instrumentalization, not personal piety — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized:…, 1664; Top-down secular nationalism failed in Iran because religion saturated daily life — Nadim N. Rouhana and Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian, When Politics Are Sacralized:…, 1748 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Political Islam filled the vacuum left by exhausted secular ideologies #corroborates (0.95) — Stuart Hall, Essential Essays, Volume 2, 1145