Directly experienced violence promotes collective guilt acceptance more than mediated narratives do.

Evidence

We expect that in communities with a high prevalence of symmetric violence, collective guilt acceptance is stronger than elsewhere. We further hypothesize that in places that are characterized by asymmetric violence, or in places that were not affected by wars, where most people’s main sources of information about the conflicts were politicized societal narratives, the likelihood of experiencing or learning about events that contradict the dominant narrative is much lower. Accordingly, in these places, people might be more reluctant to recognize and acknowledge that crimes were committed in the name of their group. — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 37

Categorization

• XREF: This is the core hypothesis the reader is testing for their survey-data work on collective guilt and direct war exposure — the mechanism distinguishing experienced vs. learned conflict exposure. — connects to: Communal war exposure, not personal victimization, drives collective guilt acceptance — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 2; Beliefs about collective victimization depend on exposure to narratives. — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 17; Experiencing symmetric intergroup violence predicts greater acceptance of one’s group’s collective guilt. — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 37 (+8 more)

Broader Connections

• Experiencing symmetric intergroup violence predicts greater acceptance of one’s group’s collective guilt. #corroborates (0.88) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 37
• Asymmetric violence suppresses guilt while symmetric victimization of both groups raises it. #qualifies (0.88) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 111
• Group-level guilt acceptance does not track actual violence exposure directly #contradicts (0.85) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 161
• Heavier regional war victimization raises acceptance of collective guilt. #corroborates (0.82) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 109
• Asymmetric violence plus segregated contact plausibly drives rejection of collective guilt #complicates (0.78) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 162
• Collective victimization typically suppresses acceptance of collective guilt #complicates (0.75) — Sandra Penic, Guy Elcheroth, and Dario Spini, When Is Collective Exposure to War…, 8
• Perceived justification of ingroup harm blocks collective guilt regardless of harm severity #qualifies (0.74) — Nyla R. Branscombe and Bertjan Doosje (eds.), Collective Guilt, 156
• Perpetrator and victim groups favor accepting versus assigning guilt #qualifies (0.72) — Nyla R. Branscombe and Bertjan Doosje (eds.), Collective Guilt, 152