Carrier and envelope time shifts produce lateralization over complementary frequency ranges

Evidence

The perceived lateral position of an auditory event with varied ITD cues while keeping the ILD constant has been measured in headphone experiments, and the results are shown in Figure 12.11a. The position is measured with impulse-like stimuli having a time difference τph. In principle, the perceived lateral position shifts in the direction of the ear at which the signal arrives first. For time differences from −600 μs to +600 μs, the dependence on lateral position is linear, and for time differences in the range of about 1–20 ms, the sound is perceived in the ear corresponding to the preceding impulse (Blodgett et al., 1956). With even larger ITDs and for continuous signals, the subjects can no longer tell on which side the auditory event occurs; they may perceive one on each side or perceive a diffuse source in all directions. — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1431 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Interaural level differences and time shifts trade off to control lateralization — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1431

Related

• Interaural level differences and time shifts trade off to control lateralization (similarity 0.94)
• Carrier time shifts lateralize only low frequencies; envelope time shifts work at high frequencies (similarity 0.88)
• Carrier interaural time shifts encode lateralization only below 1.6 kHz, envelope shifts above (similarity 0.87)
• Interaural time and intensity cues can cancel each other in direction perception. (similarity 0.86)
• Interaural level differences alone can shift the perceived position of a sound source (similarity 0.86)
• Directional hearing rests on interaural time and intensity differences. (similarity 0.85)
• Interaural level differences grow with frequency and side placement (similarity 0.83)
• Interaural level differences of 1-2 dB produce just-audible lateral displacement (similarity 0.83)
• Interaural level differences and time shifts trade off to cancel each other (similarity 0.83)
• Ear offset from the head’s center makes arrival time shift with source azimuth (similarity 0.82)
• Individual listeners skilled at one lateralization cue tend to excel at others too (similarity 0.82)
• The ear resolves low-frequency direction by measuring phase shift (similarity 0.82)
• Panning between two speakers recreates a phantom source positioned by interaural phase shift (similarity 0.82)
• Peripheral coding efficiency drives lateralization except for low-frequency ITD (similarity 0.81)
• Interaural level sensitivity reflects peripheral level-coding efficiency, not central processing. (similarity 0.81)

Broader Connections

• Interaural level differences and time shifts trade off to control lateralization #expands (0.82) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1431