Whites believe racial progress has overshot equality into anti-White bias.

Evidence

In 2003, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor wrote that, ‘‘we expect that 25 years from now, the use of racial preferences will no longer be necessary’’ (Grutter v. Bollinger, 2003). In contrast to popular notions of a postracial America after Barack Obama’s 2008 election, our data suggest that many Whites believe that the moment O’Connor foresaw has already passed, and that the pendulum has now swung beyond equality in the direction of anti-White discrimination. — Michael I. Norton and Samuel R. Sommers, Whites See Racism as a Zero-Sum Game…, 24

Categorization

• XREF: The Grutter v. Bollinger ‘25 years’ expectation anchors when zero-sum beliefs flipped to favor-tipping perception — a chronological marker useful for the replication question. — connects to: Whites now perceive anti-White bias as exceeding anti-Black bias — Michael I. Norton and Samuel R. Sommers, Whites See Racism as a Zero-Sum Game…, 3; Some people falsely claim racism to exploit white sensitivity; Many white Australians believe they are more disadvantaged than Indigenous peoples — Nyla R. Branscombe and Bertjan Doosje (eds.), Collective Guilt: International…, 1648
• CANDY: The irony that O’Connor’s 25-year sunset expectation arrived early in Whites’ perception — good dinner-table conversation about how equality timelines get weaponized.

Related

• Whites now perceive anti-White bias as exceeding anti-Black bias (similarity 0.82)

Broader Connections

• Some people falsely claim racism to exploit white sensitivity #complicates (0.80)