Western nation-state nationalism was sociologically grounded in emancipated peasant classes

Evidence

Sociologically the nation-state was the body politic of the European emancipated peasant classes, and this is the reason why national armies could keep their permanent position within these states only up to the end of the last century, that is, only as long as they were truly representative of the rural class. … The Western nationalism which culminated in general conscription was the product of firmly rooted and emancipated peasant classes. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 583

Categorization

• XREF: A concrete economic-social base underlying nationalism that parallels later critiques of national identity lacking material roots. — connects to: Grünberg’s thousand-page thesis examined peasant emancipation in Central Europe — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 77; Twentieth-century Balkan revolutionary situations were overwhelmingly national in character — Charles Tilly, Regimes and Repertoires, 1040