Vague ‘suspicious behavior’ guidance leads citizens to profile by appearance
Evidence
If there is a swing from trust to distrust – and the same is true in the rarer reverse case – then the distruster adapts his behaviour to this new pattern of expectation and thus makes his change of attitude socially apparent. Distrust is made manifest by distrustful behaviour. Interpersonal behaviour is not a matter merely of ad hoc experience but something interpreted in terms of underlying ‘attitudes’, and used for the formation of expectations. — Niklas Luhmann, Trust and Power, 271 (
#complicates, via linked claim)
Categorization
- XREF: connects to: A private citizen’s suspicion can trigger a state surveillance response via license plate tracking. — , Selod, Saher - Forever Suspect_…, 468; Vague state anti-terror cues make citizens rely on stereotypes to profile Muslims; State surveillance escalates with how visibly Muslim a person is — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 380 (+6 more)
Related
- State surveillance escalates with how visibly Muslim a person is (similarity 0.85)
- Vague state anti-terror cues make citizens rely on stereotypes to profile Muslims (similarity 0.83)
- Even watchlisted Muslims face additional appearance-based profiling (similarity 0.82)
- The state authorizes citizens to racially profile Muslims under national security (similarity 0.82)
- A private citizen’s suspicion can trigger a state surveillance response via license plate tracking. (similarity 0.81)
- Private citizens’ discriminatory acts get reinforced by state security policies (similarity 0.81)
- Racialized religious signifiers trigger hostile surveillance interactions with state and citizens (similarity 0.80)
- Visible Muslim religious practice invites state suspicion and hate-motivated backlash (similarity 0.78)
- Religious identity can be racialized when signifiers trigger profiling (similarity 0.78)
- Private citizens surveil Muslim religious practice as a threat to American values. (similarity 0.78)
Broader Connections
- Vague state anti-terror cues make citizens rely on stereotypes to profile Muslims
#corroborates(0.90) - Distrust becomes socially visible through distrustful behavior
#complicates(0.78) — Niklas Luhmann, Trust and Power, 271 - US surveillance systematically targets select bodies using racial cues
#expands(0.60) — , Selod, Saher - Forever Suspect_…, 94 - Religious identity can be racialized when signifiers trigger profiling
#expands(0.60) - State surveillance escalates with how visibly Muslim a person is
#complicates(0.50) — Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Understanding…, 380