Theoretical ideological racism originated in Western Europe specifically

Evidence

The modern world provides two perfect examples—racism, directed against Blacks and other non- Europeans; and a specific form of racism, anti-Semitism, directed against Jews. Expressions of dislike, disdain, even of hostility against other races are familiar from classical antiquity through both the Christian and Islamic Middle Ages, as well as in other civilisations. Theoretical, ideological racism began in Western Europe, and was a response to two specific problems. — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 1037