The term movement signified distrust of all party politics

Evidence

The decisive invention of the pan-movements, therefore, was not that they too claimed to be outside and above the party system, but that they called themselves “movements,” their very name alluding to the profound distrust for all parties that was already widespread in Europe at the turn of the century and finally became so decisive that in the days of the Weimar Republic, for instance, “each new group believed it could find no better legitimization and no better appeal to the masses than a clear insistence that it was not a ‘party’ but a ‘movement.’” — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 634

Categorization

• DEFINE: Arendt’s distinction between ‘movement’ and ‘party’ as a conceptual tool — movements claim legitimacy by rejecting party plurality — is a key definition to carry into the Islamophobia toolkit.
• XREF: The movement-vs-party distinction connects to how populist and nationalist movements today position themselves above factional politics.