The Russian proletariat invented the State of the Councils from its own class experience.

Evidence

At all events, less than a month after the appearance of the first number Gramsci was already writing: “The history of the class struggle has entered a decisive phase after the concrete experience of Russia: the international revolution has acquired form and body since the Russian proletariat invented (in the Bergsonian sense) the State of the Councils, digging into its experience as an exploited class, extending to the entire collectivity a system and order which synthesises the proletarian form of economic life organised in the factories around the shop committees, and the form of its political life organised in the neighbourhood associations, in the town and village sections, in the provincial and regional federations in which the Socialist Party is articulated.” — Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, 91

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Factory councils were designed to fuse economics and politics in proletarian self-government — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 534