The politique des races included campaigns against Muslim religious elites.

Evidence

Such a long view allows us to see that the image of Muslims and Islam in Europe has gone through a series of shifts and changes that corresponded to changes in the political and social realms. Thus, contrary to the idea that the East-West relationship has always been characterized by conflict or a “clash of civilizations,” I show that anti-Muslim prejudice was consciously constructed and deployed by the ruling elite at particular moments. While ordinary people in Europe did accept these ideas, for instance during the Crusades, they have also resisted them. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 25 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Anti-Muslim prejudice was deliberately deployed by elites at specific political moments. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 25; Elites mobilized Islamophobia to advance their political agendas across centuries — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 98; Counterterrorism rhetoric masks an offensive campaign against Muslims. (+3 more)

Related

• Anti-Muslim prejudice was deliberately deployed by elites at specific political moments. (similarity 0.93)
• Elites mobilized Islamophobia to advance their political agendas across centuries (similarity 0.88)
• Media and political elites may have an interest in promoting the Islam-violence stereotype. (similarity 0.87)
• Muslims were constructed as equals only while their empires could not be dominated (similarity 0.83)
• Islamophobia is increasingly theorized as a form of racism rather than mere religious prejudice (similarity 0.83)
• Islamophobia is political rather than religious and must be fought politically (similarity 0.82)
• Anti-Muslim sentiment operates independently of local political ideology (similarity 0.81)
• Western anti-Muslim hostility has been episodic and elite-driven, not a perpetual clash (similarity 0.81)
• Right-wing politicians stoked a clash-of-civilizations narrative that globally increased Islamophobia. (similarity 0.81)
• Islam has been framed by passion, prejudice, and political interests since the Middle Ages (similarity 0.81)
• Muslims’ perceived inferiority in Spain tracked the geopolitical power of Muslim states (similarity 0.81)
• Anti-Muslim racism arises from empire as a normal modality, not only crisis. (similarity 0.80)
• Anti-Muslim racism is a persistent product of empire, not event-driven. (similarity 0.80)
• Counterterrorism rhetoric masks an offensive campaign against Muslims. (similarity 0.80)
• Full anti-Muslim racism required both Enlightenment freedom ideology and European military dominance (similarity 0.80)

Broader Connections

• Anti-Muslim prejudice was deliberately deployed by elites at specific political moments. #expands (0.70) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 25
• Counterterrorism rhetoric masks an offensive campaign against Muslims. #corroborates (0.65)
• Elites mobilized Islamophobia to advance their political agendas across centuries #corroborates (0.60) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 98
• Anti-Muslim sentiment operates independently of local political ideology #corroborates (0.60)
• War on Terror Islamophobia empowered populist demagogues to seize power against Muslims #corroborates (0.55)
• Right-wing politicians stoked a clash-of-civilizations narrative that globally increased Islamophobia. #corroborates (0.55) — Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Global…, 354