Anti-Muslim racism arises from empire as a normal modality, not only crisis.

Evidence

I similarly argue that the economic, political, and social crises of the late 1960s and 1970s created the conditions for the production of the “Arab terrorist” threat, which later evolved into the “Islamic terrorist” threat. The next moment of crisis, 9/11, was an opportunity to generate a moral panic around terrorism in order to bolster and strengthen the national security state. However, my argument goes beyond an analysis of moments of crisis in that I take a long historical view. I study anti- Muslim racism as a product of empire—not just empire in crisis but as a normal modality of imperial domination from the early modern era all the way up to the twenty-first century. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 93

Categorization

• XREF: Central to the MOC thread: frames anti-Muslim racism as produced by ‘standing’ imperial apparatus, independent of crisis moments. — connects to: Empire is a contingent process that reproduces itself through shifting racism. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of…, 93; Anti-Muslim racism operates as steady imperial practice, not only crisis response; Empire produces anti-Muslim racism which in turn sustains empire (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Anti-Muslim racism is a normal tool of empire, not crisis response #corroborates (0.95)
• Anti-Muslim racism is structural to empire rather than a fringe phenomenon. #corroborates (0.93)
• Anti-Muslim racism is structurally rooted in empire, not individual prejudice #expands (0.88) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 78
• Islamophobia is structural racism rooted in empire, not religious intolerance #expands (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 91
• Anti-Muslim racism is rooted in empire, not relieved by inclusion. #complicates (0.75) — Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamophobia and the…, 1243