The F-scale’s items were always embedded in broader surveys, never administered alone.

Evidence

So far as measuring fascist trends was concerned, however, it might have been objected that the scales they had developed had not yet proved themselves in the decisive critical test: whether it was possible to apply them to different social groups, under differing political and economic conditions, and without continuous checking using interviews and projective tests. … With each new questionnaire form, the idea was to achieve better results with fewer items. … Each of the three forms consisted of three scales, the items of which were scattered through the questionnaire to preserve the impression that it was a general opinion survey. … The scales were: the ethnocentrism scale (E-scale), containing anti-Semitic (A-S) items, as well as items relating to other minorities and items concerned with patriotism; a scale to measure political and economic conservatism (PEC-scale); and the fascism scale (F-scale), containing purely `psychological’ items. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 436

Categorization

• DEFINE: Names and distinguishes the three CA scales — E-scale (ethnocentrism with anti-Semitic items), PEC-scale (political-economic conservatism), and F-scale (purely psychological) — core reference definitions.
• XREF: Connects to Adorno’s Authoritarian Personality methodology; the ‘psychological items’ framing is the hinge for the whole personality-versus-ideology debate. — connects to: The F-scale was never independently validated because it always ran alongside the E-scale. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 436; The F-scale was never validated in isolation from the other questionnaire scales. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1767
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: The F-scale was never independently validated because it always ran alongside the E-scale. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 436; The F-scale was never validated in isolation from the other questionnaire scales. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1767